TeeGrades

Antony van Leeuwenhoek - First to observe and describe microorganisms accurately; greatly improved upon then modern microscopes; considered father of microscopy, because he discovered the true microscope. Francesco Redi (SG) - (1668) Disproved spontaneous generation for large animals. Showed maggots came from fly eggs by designing experiment in which raw meat was placed into a sealed jar and an unsealed jar. John Needham (SG) - (1745)Broth experiment. Mutton in flasks was boiled a...

Define the term Microbiology - The study of microorganisms and their relationships to the environment, humans and animals in disease Name the 5 classifications of microorganisms - Bacteria, Virus, Mycobacterium, Fungi, Parasites Blood agar is the most commonly used media in the clinical laboratory. What type of media is blood agar? - Enriched media, Differential media (detection of Beta-hemolytic organisms) List some agars that are generally used in stool cultures and what type...

Epidemiology - The science of when, where and how a disease is transmitted. How people come down with a certain disease, that way you could stop it from out breaking Etiology - The study of the cause of a disease, "the etiological agent" Robert Hooke - 1665, first person to describe cells, he observed that a cork was composed of "individual cells Anton Van Leeuwenhoek - 1673, father of Microbiology Observed- the first microbes- "animalcules"=molecules that acted like a...

Are Viruses Living or Nonliving? - They are only considered living when they are inside of a host cell, using their resources and energy. Outside of a host they are considered intert. When are Viruses considered to be "alive"? - When they are inside of a host cell. When inside, their nucleic acid (ONLY RNA OR DNA) become active. *Virus replicates Obligatory Intracellular Parasites - Require livinghost cell in order to multiply - Such as Viruses. Defining a Virus - ...

When was the term microbiology first used - 1860s What four areas of study are encompassed by clinical microbiology - Viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites What is the difference between a pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen - Pathogen: a bacteria capable of causing a disease Opportunistic pathogen: microorganisms that invade the body and cause illness only when the body's immune defense are impaired or absent How do bacterial pathogens cause host damage - The damage ...

Classification of organisms - Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species Phylogenetic trees - a branching diagram that represents a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a group of organisms Types of microbes - bacteria, archeae, fungi, molds, yeasts, protozoa, algae, viruses, multicellular animal parasites rRNA - The RNA component of the ribosome, and is essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms. Theory of RNA as the original hereditary ma...

Microbiology - The science of micro organisms of and there effect on other living things. The science concerned with unicellular organisms 5 Divisions of microbiology - Bacteriology: the study of bacteria Mycology: the study of fungi Protozoology: The study of protozoa Virology: The study of viruses. Rickettistology: The study of Rickettsia Bacteria - A prokayotic one cell micro-organism of the kingdom monera exisiting as a free living cell or is a parasite multiplying by ...

Microbiology - Specialized area of biology that deals with organisms ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification. Microorganisms - A living thing ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification. Classification - Orderly arrangement of organisms into groups. Nomenclature - System of assigning names. Binomial nomenclature - Two-name system of naming organisms (Latin, Greek). Two names: Genus, species. It's always underlined or italicized. Genus first let...

Microorganisms - Organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye Germ - Rapidly growing cell Pathogenic - Disease-causing What are some good things that microbes do? - 1. Decompose organic waste (Without them we'd have too much waste) 2. They are producers in the ecosystem by photosynthesis 3. They produce industrial chemicals such as ethanol and acetone 4. Produce fermented foods such as vinegar, cheese, and bread. 5. Produce products used in manufacturing...

Activated macrophages are required in elimination of infections caused by a) intracelular bacteria b) extracelular microbes c) both above mentioned d) nothing of above mentioned - b Antibodies of which of mentioned classes cross placental barriere a) IgG b) IgM c) IgA d) IgD - a The number of polypeptid chains is the highest in the molecule of a) IgG b) IgM c) IgE d) IgD - b Complement fixation reaction (CFR) a) is the reaction during which the complement cascade i...